Risk Factors for Vaginal Discharge in Adolescent Girls

Purpose: This study aims to examine the risk factors contributing to abnormal
vaginal discharge in adolescent girls by integrating biological, hygienic, socio
cultural, economic, and psychological determinants. Unlike previous research on
hormonal influences, this study provides a holistic perspective on how various
factors impact adolescent reproductive health.
Research Design and Methodology: This research employs a systematic
literature review (SLR) approach to synthesize findings from scholarly articles
published after 2018. Relevant studies were retrieved from Elsevier, Emerald,
Wiley, and Springer databases. The analysis focuses on identifying dominant
biological, behavioral, and environmental factors contributing to vaginal
discharge among adolescent girls, along with potential interventions to mitigate
health risks.
Findings and Discussion: The results indicate that hormonal fluctuations during
puberty influence vaginal microbiota and secretion levels, while poor hygiene
practices, lack of reproductive health education, and socio-economic constraints
exacerbate infection risks. Cultural stigmas surrounding menstruation and vaginal
health further hinder adolescents from seeking timely medical attention.
Additionally, stress and mental health issues contribute to hormonal imbalances,
increasing susceptibility to abnormal discharge. These findings emphasize the
interconnectedness of physiological, behavioral, and environmental factors in
adolescent reproductive health.
Implications: This study underscores the need for comprehensive school
reproductive health education, improved access to sanitary products, and
reduced social stigmas through public health campaigns. Policymakers should
prioritize affordable sanitary products and ensure proper sanitation facilities,
particularly in low-income communities. Future research should explore
empirical approaches, including qualitative interviews and regional case studies,
to further assess the lived experiences of adolescent girls in diverse cultural
contexts.